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October 4, 2017 marked the 60th anniversary of the launch of the first artificial Earth satellite.

Then space seemed limitless and they didn't think about space debris.

But now there are more than 6,000 satellites orbiting the Earth, only 1,000 of them are operational, and all the rest are already orbital debris.

Experts believe that a little more and it will be impossible to put another satellite into orbit, because even a small bolt weighing only 10 grams in a collision at a speed of 10 km / s gives the effect of an anti-tank shell bursting.

Two large tracking systems in Russia and the USA are monitoring space debris.

The altitude of 400 km, that is, the orbit of the ISS, is under special control.

According to scientists, now is the time to design cleaning devices that could clear the outer space around the Earth.

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The Days of Roscosmos and the Second All-Russian Youth Forum of Cosmonautics and Aviation "CosmoStart-2017" were held in St.

Petersburg.

Almost 2000 students and schoolchildren took part in the events.

For the first time in the history of such forums, a videoconference with the ISS took place.

Meetings with cosmonauts were held at the St.

Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation.

In the mobile control center, you could feel like a spaceship pilot, conduct a manual docking with the ISS, perform an aerospace survey of the Earth.

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The 42nd "Korolev`s Readings" have ended at Bauman Moscow State Technical University.

The main topics of discussion were the retrofitting of the ISS with Russian modules, the expansion of the range of scientific and applied research and the creation of space infrastructure for flights to the near-lunar space and to the Moon.

The General Designer of RSC Energia, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Yevgeny Mikrin spoke about the basis of the future Russian cosmonautics.

The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to American scientists Rainer Weiss, Barry Barish and Kip Thorne for their studies of gravitational waves, the theory of the existence of which was put forward by Albert Einstein.

Interview: Vladislav Pustovoit, Kip Thorn, Leonid Prokhorov, Rashid Sunyaev.

The XII International Scientific and Practical Conference "Manned Space Flights" has ended at the Yuri Gagarin Central Research Center.

One of the main goals of manned cosmonautics is still the return to the moon.

The plot starred cosmonaut Alexander Kaleri, Deputy head of the Gagarin Research Center Valery Sivolap, Deputy Director General of the Center for Simulator Construction and Personnel Training Vadim Yanushkin, engineer of the Center for Simulator Construction and Personnel Training Alexander Snytko, cosmonaut Andrey Borisenko.

On September 2, 1906, Soviet and Russian science fiction writer Alexander Petrovich Kazantsev was born.

He has lived a long, eventful life.

During the Great Patriotic War, he was the head of a special task force of the Main Military Engineering Directorate of the Army, was engaged in testing new equipment, and after the war he led military engineers in Germany and Austria who dismantled fascist factories.

Having started writing in the mid-1930s, he became one of the most famous science fiction writers of the Soviet era, and also published a number of articles and stories devoted to the mystery of the Tunguska meteorite.

For a long time he worked as an engineer at one of the leading enterprises of the space industry - VNIIEM. His works have become a kind of warning to earthlings about the fragility of peace on our planet.

The plot starred the writer's son Nikita Kazantsev, Chairman of the Board of the Union of Search Teams Yuri Smirnov, political scientist Sergey Markov, physicist Evgeny Shirokov, literary critic Maxim Osmolovsky, writer Yuri Polyakov.

The release of the feature film "Salyut-7" caused a new surge of interest in cosmonautics.

The Salyut-7 station was sent into orbit in 1982, when only the USSR had experience in building such structures and working with them.

In the winter of 1985, the temporarily uninhabited Salyut stopped responding to commands from Earth.

Despite the high risks, it was decided to still try to approach the station, but this required joining forces with the military and working out the rapprochement scheme in more detail.

Since the station could not react, in fact, it was necessary to dock with an absolutely uncontrollable object, no one had ever done anything like this in space before.

Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Viktor Savinykh went to Salyut-7 in the summer, repaired it for three months, by September the station came to life again and began receiving crews.

It was another victory of the Soviet space heroes.

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A communication session with the ISS was held at the MCC, the cosmonauts talked with the students of the RSUH.

Sergey Ryazansky and Alexander Misurkin talked about their work and constant training on board the ISS, answered questions from future journalists, and told about the space traditions of celebrating the new year.

On November 3, 1957, Sputnik-2 was launched into space - the first "biological" satellite of the Earth, its passenger was a dog Laika, a simple mongrel, about which the whole world was talking the next day.

Scientists Oleg Gazenko, Yuri Silaev, Igor Ushakov, Inesa Kozlovskaya, Natalia Koroleva tell about the experiment from the moment of selecting the first candidates for the flight to the launch of the cosmonaut dog into orbit.

Preparations for the launch of the Soyuz MS-06 manned spacecraft are being completed at the Baikonur cosmodrome, the launch is scheduled for the night of September 13, 2017. It is symbolic that Altair, the brightest star of the constellation of the Eagle, whose name has become the crew's call sign, will shine in the sky just these days.

Cosmonauts Alexander Misurkin, Mark Vande Hai, Joseph Akaba starred in the story of Natalia Burtseva.